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Hot-Weather Health Issues
The elderly, people with significant underlying chronic diseases, including heart and lung disease, weakened immune systems, mental health disorders and dementia are most effected by extreme heat. People who work outdoors or in extreme heat conditions – outdoors or indoors are also at risk.
You can be more or less vulnerable to health risks from extreme heat based on these factors:
Sensitivity – the degree to which you are affected by a stressor such as higher temperatures
Exposure – the physical contact between you and higher temperatures
Adaptive capacity – your ability to adjust to or avoid potential hazards
Heat is the number one weather-related killer, and as carbon pollution continues destroying earth’s atmosphere, global temperatures will keep climbing, bringing us hotter summers and more dangerous heat.
The ability to sweat is one of the primary mechanisms your body uses to cools you down.
When humidity levels rise, sweat does not evaporate as efficiently, which keeps your body from releasing heat as fast as it may need, and this leads to overheating.
Always drink plenty of fluids when you are sweating. Excessive sweating can accelerate dehydration and worsen the situation in high heat environments.
Staying well-hydrated is the number one action we can all take to limit the effects of extreme heat. When the temperatures and heat index begins to reach 100 degrees or more, it is especially important to drink water and other drinks that contain electrolytes (salts and minerals in the body that are found in body fluids) – avoid sodas and alcoholic beverages! Contrary to popular belief, it is perfectly fine to hydrate with coffee or tea.
Limit exposure time to extreme temperatures; hydrate often; wear light colored, loose fitting and sweat absorbing clothing. Avoid the outdoors during extreme heat and stay out of the direct sun. If you must work outside, slow down and take frequent breaks. Avoid strenuous exercise during the hottest part of the day. Finally, consider postponing outdoor games and activities.